In summary, the risk assessments identified COCs in soil that may have potential to cause adverse effects, especially to soil invertebrates and plants, although this is principally a theoretical risk owing to important habitat limitations in the most affected areas, effectively preventing exposure. For small mammals and birds, the risk of adverse effects is lower. In the aquatic environment, information on standpipe/seep dilution rates in the Bulkley River and on the toxicity of standpipe water shows that there is no risk to aquatic receptors in the Bulkley River.